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Since June 2026
Instructor since June 2026
Knowing how to acquire

At the end of this section, the learner should:
* To give the essential points of a text by summarizing or analyzing it
* To defend and refute a point of view, based on a given general reading problem, using relevant arguments.

First, it's important to know that the text summarization exercise consists of two mandatory parts. It therefore requires a twofold effort. First, the candidate must perform the text summarization exercise, either by summarizing or analyzing it. Then, they must present an argument through discussion based on a topic taken from the text to be summarized. The first part is often worth 6 to 8 points, the second 8 to 10 points, and the final presentation 2 points. This exercise constitutes type 1 of a literature exam.
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