Electromagnetism and Modern Physics for Physics and Engineering Students

From 19 £ /h

In this course, I teach sophomore-level Modern Physics (originally based on the Young and Freedman textbook) using creative methods, backed by my strong physics background and the unique, original notes I took during my university professors' lectures.
My core teaching principle is to make physics engaging and enjoyable. I focus heavily on the student's specific questions, striving to ensure they grasp the underlying logic of the universe rather than relying on rote memorization.
If the student wishes to advance further, we can transition into senior-level Electromagnetism in later stages. After bridging any mathematical gaps, my goal is to build a solid, advanced foundation using textbooks taught at top-tier universities, tailored through my personalized teaching approach to prepare them for expertise in the field.
All lessons will be conducted online via Zoom.
Physics isn’t inherently difficult—it just requires passion and dedication!

Extra information

All lessons will be conducted online via Zoom.
Physics isn’t inherently difficult—it just requires passion and dedication!

Location

Online from Turkey

About Me

Welcome! Whether you are looking to master the complex laws of the universe or lock in an impeccable pocket behind the drum kit, you have come to the right place.
As an active physics researcher and a drummer with over a decade of high-energy playing experience, I approach teaching through a unique lens: deep conceptual clarity combined with precise, deliberate technique. No rigid memorization, no boring routines—just structured, engaging, and highly effective learning.
On the academic side, physics is not about memorizing equations; it is about building the geometric and physical intuition to solve complex problems from first principles. As a Master of Science (M.Sc.) Researcher in Physics at a top-tier institution, I specialize in advanced theoretical frameworks, analytical mechanics, and complex problem-solving. My active research background allows me to translate dense, high-level academic concepts into intuitive, clear, and logical mental models. I have a proven track record of guiding university and high school students through rigorous science and math curricula, successfully shifting their focus from stressful exam prep to genuine conceptual breakthroughs.
On the musical side, I help drummers break through technical plateaus and build undeniable confidence behind the kit, specializing in dynamic, high-energy genres like Alternative Rock, Punk, and Metal. With more than 10 years of active drumming, studio, and live performance experience, I offer a deep practical and anatomical understanding of drumming physics. Together, we will master essential mechanics like the Moeller method, fluid hand-foot coordination, and clean rudiment applications like paradiddles. We will also dive into dynamic expression, using ghost notes, crisp accents, and micro-timing control to make your grooves sound alive and professional, drawing inspiration from the driving tracks of bands like Paramore and Foo Fighters.

Education

Bogazici University B.Sc. Physics- Astrophysics 2017-2023
M.Sc. Student in Physics Current
Specialization with Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology and Archeometry.

Experience / Qualifications

Self-Taught Drummer, Independent Researcher
Only participate one month drum lesson in my life but I have played drums for approximately 10 years

Age

Adults (18-64 years old)

Seniors (65+ years old)

Student level

Beginner

Intermediate

Advanced

Duration

60 minutes

The class is taught in

English

Turkish

Skills

Physics

Electromagnetism

Availability of a typical week

(GMT -04:00)

New York

Online via webcam

Mon

Tue

Wed

Thu

Fri

Sat

Sun

00-04

04-08

08-12

12-16

16-20

20-24

Hard-working Drumming from Self-Taught Drummer(Zoom)

16 £ /h

Ready to take your drumming to the next level? Whether you are picking up sticks for the first time or looking to break through a technical plateau, these private lessons are tailored to unlock your full potential behind the kit.
With over a decade of playing experience specializing in high-energy genres like Alternative Rock, Punk, and Metal, I focus on building a rock-solid foundation. We won't just mindlessly memorize beats; we will dive into the essential mechanics that make a real difference in your playing—including the Moeller technique, seamless hand-foot coordination, sharp rudiments like paradiddles, and using dynamic ghost notes to bring your grooves to life.

Introduction to Cosmology for Astrophysics or Physics Learners

19 £ /h

In this course, I teach introductory-level Cosmology using creative and intuitive methods, backed by my strong physics background and the unique, original notes I took during university lectures.
My core teaching principle is to make the grand scale of the universe engaging and enjoyable. I focus heavily on the student's specific questions, striving to ensure they grasp the underlying physical logic and cosmic mechanics—from the Big Bang to dark energy—rather than relying on rote memorization.
If the student wishes to advance further, we can transition into senior-level astrophysics or the foundational concepts of General Relativity in later stages. After bridging any mathematical or structural gaps, my goal is to build a solid, advanced foundation using cosmology textbooks taught at top-tier universities, tailored through my personalized teaching approach to prepare them for deeper expertise.
All lessons will be conducted online via Zoom.
Understanding the universe isn’t inherently difficult—it just requires wonder, passion, and dedication!

Reza

4.64

(25)

I hold a PhD in Mechanical Engineering and currently work as a post-doctoral researcher in the Aerospace Engineering Faculty at TU Delft (Delft University of Technology).

My extensive teaching experience covers a wide range of engineering courses, including:

- Mathematics: algebra, linear algebra, probability, calculus, differential equations, intellectual math, and advanced engineering mathematics.

- Mechanical Engineering: Statics, Dynamics, Mechanics of materials, Mechanical design, control, vibration, Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Heat transfer, Engineering drawing, Applied Mechanics, Composite Structures, Flight, Machine Elements, Manufacturing, 3D printing, and more.

- Physics: mechanics, momentum and energy, electricity, charge and current, electric and magnetic fields, waves, particle physics, nuclear decay, astrophysics, cosmology, oscillations, etc.

- CAD/CAM Software: Autocad, Solidworks.

- Mechanical Design Packages: ANSYS, APDL programming, ABAQUS, MATLAB, Symbolic MATLAB, LS-DYNA.

My research and teaching interests are diverse, including:
• Additive manufacturing
• Mechanical metamaterials
• Acoustical metamaterials
• Electromagnetic metamaterials
• Aeroacoustics
• Soft matter and soft robotics
• Fatigue and fracture mechanics
• Experimental mechanics
• Multiscale numerical modelling
• Biomaterials
• Porous materials
• Manufacturing of medical devices and implants
• Deep learning
• Image processing
• Topology optimization
• Origami and Kirigami structures
• Self-folding and self-assembly structures
• Tissue engineering
• Permeability in porous materials
• Fluid-Solid Interaction

I understand that not all teachers excel in teaching Engineering and Mathematics courses and explaining their importance to students. Courses with strong mathematical backgrounds may become boring for students who lack a solid mathematical basis. To address this, I take a student-centered approach, starting from the basics to actively engage all students, including those with weaker mathematical backgrounds. I also provide practical examples to demonstrate the real-world significance of what they are learning, inspiring and fostering their interest in the subject matter.

If you have any additional questions before starting a class, please feel free to ask me. I am here to assist! :)

Kevin

4.64

(25)

► Online Mathematics, Physics & Chemistry Tutor from Switzerland
► GCSE, IGCSE, A-Level, IB & International School Support
I completed my Master’s degree in Business Information Systems at a Swiss University of Applied Sciences, where my main academic focus was strongly connected to Mathematics, Physics, analytical thinking and problem-solving. This technical background shaped the way I teach today: clearly, logically and with a strong focus on real understanding.
► EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE WITH GCSE, IGCSE, A-LEVEL, IB & INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS
With many years of teaching experience, I have successfully supported students from prestigious schools and highly demanding academic programmes, helping them strengthen their understanding, master exam techniques and achieve excellent progress in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry.

► Exam Preparation & Academic Support

► GCSE & IGCSE Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry
I help students build a strong foundation through clear explanations, topic-by-topic revision and carefully selected exam-style practice. My lessons focus on understanding the core ideas, improving calculation skills, avoiding common mistakes and preparing students confidently for their final exams.

► A-Level Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry
A-Level subjects require deeper thinking, strong problem-solving ability and excellent exam technique. I support students with advanced concepts, structured revision, challenging practice questions and university preparation, especially for demanding fields such as Engineering, Medicine, Computer Science, Economics and Natural Sciences.

► International Baccalaureate — IB Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry
I provide structured support for both Standard Level and Higher Level students. My focus is on deep conceptual understanding, clear mathematical reasoning, scientific explanation and strong exam performance. Students learn how to approach complex IB-style questions with confidence and precision.

► International School Programmes
I support students following international, bilingual and private school curricula. Since every school can have slightly different expectations, I adapt my teaching to the student’s syllabus, textbook, teacher requirements and exam format, ensuring that the lessons are directly useful for school success.

► University & Foundation Courses
For older students, I offer support in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Statistics and technical modules. I help students understand difficult theory, work through assignments, prepare for exams and strengthen the analytical skills needed for university-level study.

► How I Teach
► I focus on understanding, not memorisation.
I explain concepts step by step until the student truly understands why a method works.
► I adapt every lesson to the student.
Every student learns differently, so I adjust my teaching style, pace and examples individually.
► I simplify difficult topics.
Complex problems become easier when they are broken into clear, logical steps.
► I close knowledge gaps.
I identify missing foundations and rebuild them carefully so the student gains confidence.
► I train exam technique.
Students learn how to read questions properly, avoid common mistakes and solve problems under exam conditions.

► 100% COMMITMENT TO YOUR SUCCESS
With clear guidance, focused practice and a personalized learning strategy, I am fully committed to helping you understand deeply, improve consistently and achieve your strongest possible results.

► My Goal
My goal is not only to improve grades, but to help students become confident, independent and motivated learners. With the right guidance, Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry become clear, logical and much easier to master.
► Subjects: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry
► Levels: GCSE, IGCSE, A-Level, IB, International School, Foundation Courses, University Modules
► Focus: Understanding, confidence, exam success and long-term academic progress.

Christopher

4.64

(25)

I specialize in online physics and maths tutoring for A-Level and GCSE level students. I aim to give fun and engaging tutorial sessions, lifting problems out of the textbook and applying them to the world around us. My tutoring is flexible and I will adapt lessons to the needs of the student.

My background is in engineering and I am currently a PhD researcher in aerospace specializing in spacecraft propulsion and plasma physics. I have also been awarded a NASA Fellowship invitation.

Khalil

4.64

(25)

If you’ve ever felt that science and math are difficult, it’s probably because no one showed you how to think like a problem solver.
In my classes, you’ll learn not just formulas or code but how to truly understand concepts, apply them, and build strong logical intuition.

I teach:
• 🔢 Mathematics: From algebra and calculus to applied problem-solving for real-world use.
• 💻 Computer Science: Coding fundamentals (Python, C++), algorithms, and logical thinking for beginners and intermediate learners.
• ⚛️ Physics: Mechanics, thermodynamics, and practical examples that make abstract ideas simple and visual.

As a Software Engineer and Master’s student in Engineering at Nagoya University, I bring both academic knowledge and hands-on experience from real projects. My teaching approach is interactive, visual, and deeply focused on understanding over memorization.

Let’s turn complex problems into clear, step-by-step insights — and make learning something you genuinely enjoy.

Bibek

4.64

(25)

Hi! I am a Ph.D. researcher in Physics at the University of Cologne, Germany. Recently, I graduated from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands with a Master's degree in Nanoscience (w/ cum Laude). I offer private tutoring for high school and/or university-level students so they can understand the fundamental concepts and excel in their studies. I have teaching experience of 5+ years in Physics and Mathematics to both high school and university-level students.

I have expertise in the following courses:
0. All high school topics

1. Classical Physics (Newtonian mechanics, linear motion, rotational motion, collision theory, angular momentum, and many more)

2. Modern Physics (Electrostatics, Maxwell's law, motion of electrons in electric and magnetic fields, Quantum theory of light, Compton scattering, photoelectric effect, and many more)

3. Optics (Ray optics, wave mechanics, reflection and refraction, Fresnel's law, polarizer, matrix optics, interference, diffraction, and many more)

4. Quantum Mechanics (Schrödinger equation, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, commutation relation, the addition of angular momentum, matrix representation, density matrix, and many more)

5. Solid-state Physics (Crystal structure, wave diffraction, and the reciprocal lattice, crystal vibrations (phonons), the density of states, semiconductor physics, pn junction, transistors, and many more)

*Note that the sessions will be held online (via Discord/Zoom/Microsoft Teams).

Rania

4.64

(25)

many people face problems while studying scientific subjects , so if you one of them and you need a small or big help , I am here to help you to face any obstacle you may have in the matter.
I am a medical student at the medecine school of tunis.
science has always been a passion of mine.
so I intend to make a personalised plan to each student according to his difficulties and help him overcome them step by step .

Mavi

4.64

(25)

I am Mavi, a physics engineer working at an aerospace company.
I have been teaching private lessons at the primary, secondary, high school, and university preparatory levels for 11 years. I teach mathematics, physics, chemistry, and science. I have a good command of the curricula of IB, IGCSE, American, Hong Kong, and international schools.

Additionally, I hold the position of president at the Astronomy Society, where I foster my students' interest in astronomy and science beyond the lessons. I prepare the learning environment by incorporating experiments and exploration, moving away from rote education. I often bring experimental materials to class, aiming to make learning memorable through hands-on experiments.

As an educational mentor, I approach my students as if they were my siblings, valuing creativity. I have a deep passion for mathematics, physics, and science. I am dedicated to helping students understand and learn because life encompasses both SCIENCE and ART. The more people I can inspire to know, understand, and love mathematics, physics, and chemistry, the more proud I am.

Are you curious about how nature works?

Let's explore together!

Georgio

4.64

(25)

FRENCH longer...

Dear parents, Dear students,

I am writing to express my enthusiasm and commitment to providing private tutoring services in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and science across various levels and educational systems. With a deep passion for these subjects and a dedicated approach to education, my goal is to inspire and guide students toward a deeper understanding and appreciation of these fundamental disciplines.

My long and extensive background in private tutoring has given me a deep understanding and skill in effectively imparting knowledge to students with diverse learning abilities.

Through my tutoring efforts, I strive not only to elucidate complex concepts but also to instill problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and a curiosity-driven approach to learning. I tailor my teaching methodologies to individual learning styles, ensuring that each student achieves a thorough mastery of the subject matter and gains confidence in their academic pursuits.

Additionally, my experience extends beyond classroom teaching. I believe in creating a stimulating environment where students feel empowered to ask questions, participate in discussions, and explore the wonders of science and mathematics.

My ultimate goal as a tutor is to inspire a genuine passion for these subjects while helping students achieve their academic goals. I am committed to providing comprehensive support, personalized guidance, and a rewarding educational experience to every student I work with.

I am confident that my dedication, expertise, and ability to inspire learning will make a significant difference in my students' educational journey. I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the academic success of those I teach.

I am excited about the prospect of working with students and making a positive impact through private tutoring.

Regards,
Georgio

FRENCH

Dear parents, Dear students,

I am writing to express my enthusiasm and commitment to providing private tutoring services in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and science, spanning various levels and educational systems. With a deep passion for these subjects and a dedicated approach to education, my goal is to inspire and guide students toward a deep understanding and appreciation of these fundamental disciplines.

My long and extensive background in private tutoring has given me a deep understanding and mastery of effectively imparting knowledge to students with diverse learning abilities.

Through my tutoring efforts, I strive not only to explain complex concepts but also to instill problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and a curiosity-based approach to learning. I customize my teaching methods to match individual learning styles, ensuring that each student fully grasps the material and gains confidence in their studies.

Furthermore, my experience extends beyond classroom teaching. I believe in creating a caring environment where students feel encouraged to ask questions, participate in discussions, and explore the wonders of science and mathematics.

My ultimate goal as a tutor is to inspire a passion for these subjects while genuinely helping students achieve their academic goals. I am committed to providing comprehensive support, personalized guidance, and a rewarding educational experience to every student I work with.

I am confident that my dedication, expertise, and ability to inspire learning will make a significant difference in my students' educational journey. I look forward to contributing to the academic success of those I teach.

I am excited to work with students and make a positive difference through private tutoring.

Regards,
Georgio

Narayan

4.64

(25)

*Note: My availability on Apprentus may not be up to date. Please contact me to check my current availability.

Mathematics course(especially from the entrance exam perspective) taught by an engineering graduate with over 14 years of teaching experience in mathematics up to the undergraduate level. I also have more than 3 years of experience in teaching and guiding standardized tests such as the GRE and SAT. I can help you learn these standardized courses (GRE, SAT, and even TOEFL) more effectively.

I offer mathematics lessons for various levels of students, including Bachelor students, IB (Math SL and Math HL) students, A-level students, European S6 and S7 level students, GCSE students, and IGCSE students.

I also provide science courses in Physics and Chemistry for students up to the European upper secondary level, as well as IB and A-level students. Additionally, I offer Biology lessons for students up to the European Secondary level, GCSE level, and IGCSE level.

Currently, I am teaching a diverse range of students, including:
- GCSE students
- IGCSE students
- IB students
- European School students
- AS/A-level students
- Lycée Vauban students
- Athénée de Luxembourg students

I also provide homework help for school students, and student progress can be assessed through periodic tests as per the requirements of parents or the students themselves.

Note:
Please note that while some of my students may have courses taught in French, German, or Swedish, my primary teaching language is English. As the subject is mathematics, it is generally easy to understand the task at hand, and I explain the answers in English.

Roland

4.64

(25)

The TU Delft Aerospace Engineering Bachelor is one of the most prestigious bachelor programmes the Netherlands has to offer. With it being highly sought-after by students all around the globe, there is a highly competitive selection procedure which needs to be completed to get admitted to this popular degree. A massive part of this admission procedure is the selection exam, consisting of three different tests: Mathematics, Physics and First-Year Material.

As a cum laude graduated Aerospace Engineer at TU Delft, who has also been tutoring since 2017, I have a lot of valuable experience and knowledge of the program to help you out with the right preparation to get in. Moreover, after successfully helping more than 10 students secure a spot over the last three years, I have decided to prepare an additional custom lesson plan for each student, based on the admission syllabus, to ensure an even higher chance of admission.

With my calm and stepwise explanation, weaker topics will be addressed, and your solution procedures will be polished. Each lesson will either be theory, exercise-based or an opportunity to talk about the admission, student life, Delft, what to expect from the study and whether it is the right fit for you.

Stephen

4.64

(25)

Welcome to my profile.
I am an experienced mathematics and science teacher with over seven years of experience helping students strengthen their understanding, improve their results and become more confident, independent learners.
My lessons are designed for students and families who value high-quality, well-prepared and personalised teaching. Rather than offering a one-size-fits-all course, I adapt each lesson to the student’s level, objectives, school programme and learning style.
I teach students who need to rebuild essential foundations as well as those working on advanced topics, examinations or demanding international programmes such as the European Baccalaureate and International Baccalaureate, as well as, the various Belgian programs.

◆ MY TEACHING APPROACH ◆

• • Initial assessment • •
We begin by identifying the student’s current level, strengths, difficulties and academic objectives.

• • Personalised lesson planning • •
Each student receives a structured learning approach based on their specific needs, curriculum and pace of progress.

• • Clear and accessible explanations • •
Complex concepts are broken down into logical, manageable steps, with visual representations and carefully selected examples.

• • Active problem-solving • •
Students are encouraged to think, explain their reasoning and develop reliable methods for approaching unfamiliar questions.

• • Targeted practice • •
Exercises are selected to address specific weaknesses, consolidate knowledge and prepare effectively for tests and examinations.

• • Regular review and feedback • •
Previously studied material is revisited when necessary, and clear feedback is provided to help the student understand what has improved and what still requires attention.

◆ WHAT YOU CAN EXPECT ◆

Professionalism and reliability are central to my work:
• • Lessons prepared in advance and tailored to the student
• • Punctual and well-structured sessions
• • Patient, respectful and focused teaching
• • Clear explanations without unnecessary complication
• • Constructive and timely feedback
• • Adaptation based on the student’s progress
• • A serious learning environment that remains supportive and encouraging

My objective is not simply to help students complete exercises. I aim to help them understand the underlying concepts, develop stronger reasoning skills and gain the confidence required to work more independently.

Mathematics and science can appear difficult when important foundations are missing or when explanations are poorly adapted to the learner. With the right structure, guidance and practice, these subjects become far more logical, accessible and rewarding.

Prashil

4.64

(25)

Welcome to my Foundation Course in Science and Maths, specially designed for primary, secondary, and high school students in Amsterdam. This course aims to build a strong foundation in these critical subjects, ensuring students excel academically and develop a genuine love for learning.

My teaching approach is focused on making learning enjoyable and engaging. I incorporate interactive activities and hands-on experiments to bring Science and Maths concepts to life. By involving students in these dynamic learning experiences, I aim to transform abstract concepts into tangible understanding. Each session is thoughtfully designed to keep students interested and motivated, minimizing fatigue and maximizing retention.

I believe in simplifying complex topics, breaking them down into easy-to-understand segments. This approach helps students grasp and retain challenging concepts with ease. Techniques such as mnemonic devices, visual aids, and real-life examples are integral to my method, ensuring that formulas and concepts are not just memorized, but truly understood.

Regular assessments are conducted to track student progress and identify areas needing improvement. These tests also prepare students for their school exams, ultimately boosting their confidence. I understand the importance of keeping parents informed and involved in their child’s academic journey. That's why I provide weekly reports detailing their child’s progress, strengths, and areas for improvement. This continuous feedback loop ensures that parents are aware of their child’s development and can support their learning at home.

Encouraging words and positive feedback are integral to my teaching method. I strive to build students' self-confidence and to instill a love for learning through positive reinforcement. Setting achievable goals for each student, I celebrate their successes and motivate them to strive for excellence. This goal-setting approach not only drives academic success but also fosters a sense of accomplishment and self-worth.

As a tutor, my satisfaction comes from seeing my students excel and reach their full potential. My ultimate goal is to empower students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in Science and Maths. I am always available to support my students, offering additional help and resources as needed to ensure their success.

I foster an open environment where students feel comfortable asking questions, no matter how simple they may seem. This curiosity drives deeper understanding and encourages a proactive approach to learning. By incorporating games, puzzles, and interesting activities, I ensure that learning remains fun and engaging, keeping students excited about the subjects.

Join my Foundation Course in Science and Maths and watch your child develop a strong foundation, confidence, and a genuine love for these essential subjects. Let’s work together to achieve academic excellence and make learning a fun and rewarding experience. “Excel in Subjects, Soar in Confidence!”

Arjen

4.64

(25)

My name is Arjen. I tutor and give exam training in math and physics for upper secondary education (Dutch HAVO/VWO, IB, or other similar programmes). As an Aerospace Engineer, I help students not only with solving problems, but especially with understanding the “why” behind the theory.

I start with a short diagnosis: where is the real difficulty? Based on this, I create a personal learning plan that I share with the student. In this way we work in a focused way on those areas where most is to be gained. During the sessions, the focus is on recognizing structure and analyzing problems step by step, so that students become more independent and their confidence gets a boost.

In my explanations, I regularly use examples from technology and engineering. By linking abstract theory to real applications, it becomes clearer where the mathematics or physics comes from and what it is needed for, and things often suddenly “click”.

I can give lessons both at home and via an online connection. In the latter case, I do this using a tablet, allowing you to follow my explanations and examples live on your screen.

After the the lessons, I create personal practice exercises when needed, tailored to the student’s level and learning goals. In this way, we work not only towards better results in the short term, but also towards a strong foundation for future studies.

Fidèle

4.64

(25)

I have a doctorate in materials science and am a research engineer. I have been teaching mathematics and physics for over 10 years to high school and middle school students as well as university students, having taught for 2 years at university (2 engineering schools).
Over 1500 hours of private lessons provided = Over 70 students supported
I have a simple and practical method that aims to assess the student from the very first session, and I adapt to each individual situation. I prepare my lessons by requesting the content of each session a few days in advance. I have over 10 years of experience tutoring middle school, high school, vocational school, and university students, among others. I also taught for two years at the university level (two engineering schools).
My lessons are in French or English, either at the student's home or via webcam. My sessions last a minimum of 1 hour and a maximum of 2 hours to allow the student to concentrate fully and feel comfortable and productive.

Inês

4.64

(25)

With 5+ years of experience teaching students in international schools (IGCSE, GCSE, A-level, IB), I offer clear, structured tutoring in Mathematics, Chemistry, and Physics. My lessons focus on clear explanations and the core ideas behind each topic, so things actually make sense, which helps students with both content mastery and exam success.

For exam preparation, I shift focus to exam technique: you'll learn how mark schemes work, how answers are graded, and how to phrase responses clearly so you don’t lose marks because of wording, even when you know the content.